Aerodynamics

Formula 1 cars come quite close to jet fighters, thanks to the tenets of aerodynamics incorporated in them. In a vehicle of fast driving, aerodynamics is the key. Aerodynamics in F1 cars has two basic functions to perform: to help push the car's tyres onto the track with the creation of downforce and minimize the drag that acts to slow down the car with, with the improvement in cornering forces.

Creating Downforce
Even in the 1960s experimentation with the wings had begun. Air flows at different speeds over the two sides of the wing thus creating difference of pressure. Planes use the pressure to create lift. Race cars use pressure to create downforce. A modern Formula One car can create 3.5 g lateral cornering force, which is more than three times its own weight.

Size and Location
Size and location of wings was limited by the 1970 season regulations. 'Ground effect' downforce was formed in the mid 1970s. Lotus engineers discovered that the entire car could act like a wing if a giant wing was created on its underside. This would suck the car onto the road. Brabham BT46B, designed by Gordon Murray, used a cooling fan to extract air from the skirted area under the car, creating enormous downforce in the process. However the system was withdrawn after other teams challenged it.

Wings Differ With Circuits
Aerodynamic departments of most teams use wind tunnels and vast computing power to develop their cars. The primary wings in front and rear parts of the car are fitted with different profiles depending on the downforce requirements of tracks. Tight and slow circuits require elements for maximum downforce. In circuits with long straights the cars are stripped of as much wing as possible. This reduces drag and increases speed.

Effects of Aerodynamics
Aerodynamics effects are considered on all parts of Formula One cars. Even the shapes of suspension links and the driver's helmet take aerodynamics effects into consideration. A good supply of airflow is needed to dissipate the vast amounts of heat produced by F1 cars. This also plays a part in the things.